Bushrangers and early free settlers
Introduction
In the early days of Australia there was a huge amount of bushrangers. People became bushrangers because of greed, revenge against lawmakers and the influence of seeing other bushrangers. Bushrangers can do things from stealing livestock, stealing gold and food, killing people and holding up townships. Bushrangers These are some of the bushrangers of Australia and what they did. Harry Power was sentenced 7 years of jail because of theft. Frederick Ward stole horse and cattle and got sent to cockatoo island penal establishment he escaped and got involved in a robbery. A police officer then later shot him. Ben Hall was involved in a gold robbery and stole 2700 ounces of gold, worth 3.5 million dollars today. In 1865 he got ambushed by police and shot dead. Johnny Gilbert committed several hold ups with Ben Hall. A police officer later shot him and Dan Kelly. He robbed banks and held up towns. He had 2000-pound reward on his head. He died alongside Steve Hart in the fiery siege surrounded by police. Ned Kelly Ned Kelly was one of the most know bushrangers. Ned Kelly became a bushranger in 1876. He joined his stepfather stealing horses. Ned made a group called the Kelly gang. The Kelly gang did things from robbing stores to holding up towns. Weapons Most of the Australian bushrangers use guns such as pistols, muskets and rifles. As more people used guns they got manufactured more and got improved and better. |
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Why did they go to Australia?
In 1779 the British government needed a new colony (a place to send convicts) as far away from Britain. Joseph banks had needed a new place to put convicts, so captain cook suggested Australia, Then known as New South Wales.
When did they go to Australia?
On the 18th January 1788 the first fleet arrived at Botany Bay. Joseph bank had confirmed the area was suitable for a colony after he returned for the journey in 1770.
The convict experience
Around the 1830 about 6 % of convict population were locked up, convicts were mostly subject to cruelties for e.g. leg-irons or whips. Places like Port Arthur or Norfolk Island are greatly known for this.
The voyage
The journey was long and hard. Around the first 20 years, around the first 8 the prisoners were chained up. The cells were divided into compartments by wooden or iron bars. On most of the ships they had up to 50 convicts in 1 compartment each.
The six convict ships
There was 6 convict ships, these ships were-The Alexander, the Charlotte, the Lady Penrhyn, the Friendship, the Prince of Wales and the Scarborough.
Other ships of the Fleet were:
H.M.S. Sirius, H.M.S. Supply, the Fishburn, the Borrowdale, the Golden Grove
Governor Lachlan Macquarie
The Governor Macquarie, the way of life in Sydney changed for all British settlers. Macquarie, with the help of convict labour and his army regiment, transformed Sydney into a city with many fine buildings. He developed road construction and encouraged exploration. He made it so convicts could go to church and tried to turn the Aboriginal people into settled farmers. Under Macquarie, it became much easier for the British to survive, particularly in Sydney.
European settlement
The first group of European migrants arrived in Australia in January 1788.they came on a fleet consisting of 2 warships. There were 3 supply ships and 6 ships which carried the main group. On the main ship there were up to 800 convicts and the governor Arthur Phillip was in command. Governor Phillip was disappointed when they had reached Botany Bay. He realised the area was not suitable for the settlement. The continued their search for a new colony, eventually they had found a spot by port Jackson described as ‘the finest harbour in the world’. On its shore, at a place named Sydney cove, Phillip established the first European settlement in Australia.
Why was the colony made?
The main reason for a British settlement in Australia was to provide a place for punishment where convicts could be sent. Phillips task was to establish such a settlement and make it self-supporting as soon as possible, so that the British government would not have to pay large amounts of money to keep it going.
In 1779 the British government needed a new colony (a place to send convicts) as far away from Britain. Joseph banks had needed a new place to put convicts, so captain cook suggested Australia, Then known as New South Wales.
When did they go to Australia?
On the 18th January 1788 the first fleet arrived at Botany Bay. Joseph bank had confirmed the area was suitable for a colony after he returned for the journey in 1770.
The convict experience
Around the 1830 about 6 % of convict population were locked up, convicts were mostly subject to cruelties for e.g. leg-irons or whips. Places like Port Arthur or Norfolk Island are greatly known for this.
The voyage
The journey was long and hard. Around the first 20 years, around the first 8 the prisoners were chained up. The cells were divided into compartments by wooden or iron bars. On most of the ships they had up to 50 convicts in 1 compartment each.
The six convict ships
There was 6 convict ships, these ships were-The Alexander, the Charlotte, the Lady Penrhyn, the Friendship, the Prince of Wales and the Scarborough.
Other ships of the Fleet were:
H.M.S. Sirius, H.M.S. Supply, the Fishburn, the Borrowdale, the Golden Grove
Governor Lachlan Macquarie
The Governor Macquarie, the way of life in Sydney changed for all British settlers. Macquarie, with the help of convict labour and his army regiment, transformed Sydney into a city with many fine buildings. He developed road construction and encouraged exploration. He made it so convicts could go to church and tried to turn the Aboriginal people into settled farmers. Under Macquarie, it became much easier for the British to survive, particularly in Sydney.
European settlement
The first group of European migrants arrived in Australia in January 1788.they came on a fleet consisting of 2 warships. There were 3 supply ships and 6 ships which carried the main group. On the main ship there were up to 800 convicts and the governor Arthur Phillip was in command. Governor Phillip was disappointed when they had reached Botany Bay. He realised the area was not suitable for the settlement. The continued their search for a new colony, eventually they had found a spot by port Jackson described as ‘the finest harbour in the world’. On its shore, at a place named Sydney cove, Phillip established the first European settlement in Australia.
Why was the colony made?
The main reason for a British settlement in Australia was to provide a place for punishment where convicts could be sent. Phillips task was to establish such a settlement and make it self-supporting as soon as possible, so that the British government would not have to pay large amounts of money to keep it going.